Sunday, August 30, 2020

been houses

 

Fragmenting cloud. Frome, 20 August 2020.



5 ≈ Sentimental Education


I step inland
been houses
all look fact.

                            The                              calculated
                                                     wooden
              solitude                                   mythology was my thing.

Aptly                very evidently the
lounge around       history
                                                              beckoned
This written vocabulary offended
                                    the time as if
                                                              "differentiation" meant
              first
seventh was ok.
                  Some friends come to a strange circular show to sing
                        Right sides and differently shake the horn.

Dropped out before         exactly stories
               being
   in the field beside collecting leaves, loving doing                    dancing at
Zelda's           to              yes:
                              with us for a gosh.
                                   That fall,                         beck
              before everything over the ridge the golden
                   male               was                         my first poem.


(the opening of "Sentimental Education", from Lisa Samuels' Anti M (Chax Press, 2013).)



Nonetheless, any attempt to explicate the work as a whole according to some "higher order" of meaning, such as narrative or character, is doomed to sophistry, if not overt incoherence. The new sentence is a decidedly contextual object. (from Ron Silliman, "The New Sentence" (1977).)

The writing in Anti M can't be precisely retrofitted to Silliman's "new sentence", but it's pretty close. The new sentence isn't new any more, it has crisscrossed the world for fifty years (and I wonder if it was ever quite as circumscribed as in Silliman's narrative, quite as firmly located in the prose poem and the Bay Area). Nevertheless the new sentence still causes new variations of trouble, and that's the idea.

Anti M isn't a memoir and it would be unrewarding for anyone fan of memoirs to try and read it as one, but nor can the background shapes of memoir be entirely discarded. In the page I've quoted, the bare "education" of the section title bulks large: history, written vocabulary, collecting leaves, the organized singing and dancing, the phrase "Dropped out". By the end of this extract the idea of early stirrings of sentiment is becoming more relevant.

Silliman's insight about "contextual" has two almost contradictory implications. The glass half empty one is that you can't weigh any single sentence until you've absorbed the whole book: and I do feel the pressure of that, I know I have to read it all (more than once, probably). The glass half full implication is that when a page glints, that glint is real. You can even hold it still and inspect it, a bit. 

I'm just going to talk about the first sentence:


I step inland
been houses
all look fact.


It's an arresting one, and very different from what follows it, both in terms of layout and its internally torqued syntax. It's also in the present tense, while the next sentences switch to the past tense. So thinking about that shadow-memoir, you could imagine that behind this sentence lies a bit of baldly functional metatextual commentary, like "I resume my narrative".  I step inland .... away from the coastline of the present, into the past of .... been houses  .... houses of the past, house that have been, or houses where I've been .... . And by similar broad interpretation you could take all look fact as an epistemological remark on the material of our memories, their uniform assertion of factualness disturbed by our occasional discovery that some of our early memories are demonstrably and inexplicably wide of the mark, and by our suspicion of the inherent implausibility in some of the others.

But this is already becoming an unbalanced commentary, over-dignifying the referential aspect of the sentence and clamping down on what Silliman calls "syllogistic movement". And the movement here is intent, isn't it? Even fierce? (Doesn't the reader, seeking to impose a more regular syntax, hear a whisper that the "houses all look fucked"?)

The section "Sentimental Education" ends with another sentence in this same anomalous form: 


This kind of why allows
for holding
fascism so follow.


This one almost rhymes. How fascism grows, what it grazes on. (And between "allows" and "follow" there lurks another acquiescent word, "fallow".) 

These two book-end sentences are unexpected. None of the other eight sections has them. They have hard outlines, and surely they draw attention to the aspects of darkness and frustration in the anti-memoir between. Their tendency, I'm thinking, is to dissolve the separation of adult spheres and children's spheres, to discover a deeper recognition of community across human age-groups. Like, We're all dealing with the same stuff . . .



A ripe fig exciting the local insects. Frome, 20 August 2020. 


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Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas)

 

Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 25 August 2020.


Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas)... Native to southern Europe (including most of France). Introduced to the British Isles back in the 16th century and sometimes found in the wild. 

Here, it's part of a fairly recent planting in a Frome public space (known as "the Dippy"), where it grows alongside the native shrub Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea). 

The two relatives look a bit similar, but are easily distinguished in spring (Cornelian Cherry has yellow flowers, Dogwood has white flowers) and at berry time (Cornelian Cherry has big red berries, Dogwood has small black ones). The leaves of Cornelian Cherry are a bit smaller than Dogwood, more narrowly pointed, and tougher in texture. Both leaf and leaf-stalk are usually strongly keeled (i.e. they won't lie flat). The twigs of Cornelian Cherry are rather robust compared with the slender shoots of Dogwood. (I've added a photo of Dogwood near the end of this post.)

The elongated "cherries" of Cornus mas are edible. Most of the berries shown in these photos would still taste a bit sour. When truly ripe they turn a deeper shade of red. They are then a fresh-tasting, rather delicious berry containing an elongate stone, attractively patterned with four veins. (If you pick an unripe one, take it indoors and it'll be ripe in a few hours.)

But do check you've got the right tree! Cornelian Cherry ripens around September time. You wouldn't want to be eating e.g. the winter-time berries of Japanese Laurel (Aucuba japonica), which are extremely bitter and also somewhat toxic. 

In southern Europe Cornelian Cherry fruit is much used for jams, in liqueurs, etc. 

Older sources say that the fruit rarely ripens in the UK. But the warmer climate is changing that, and I've seen plenty of fruit in each of the two summers since I first noticed these trees. 


Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 25 August 2020.



Cornus mas is the cornel (cornum) of classical poetry. It appears as a food:

On wildings and on strawberries they fed;
Cornels and bramble-berries gave the rest . . .

(Ovid's description of the Golden Age, see Metamorphoses I.105)

Autumnal cornels next in order serv'd
In lees of wine well pickled, and preserv'd . . .

(Philemon and Baucis, see Metamorphoses 8.668)

And it also appears as the traditional wood used for spear-shafts:

whether with strong arm you hurl the pliant shaft, your gallant arm draws my regard upon itself, or whether you grasp the broad-headed cornel hunting-spear. 

(Phaedra to Hippolytus, see Heroides 4.83)

[The wood of Cornus mas is exceptionally dense and hard, useful for the shafts of tools and weapons. It sinks in water.]


The names Cornelius and Cornelia derive from the senior Roman patrician family, the Cornelii. I'd like to think they took their family name from this tree, just as, according to Pliny, the Fabii took theirs from the bean faba. But I've not found anyone else suggesting this. 


Fallen "cherries" of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 25 August 2020.


Fallen "cherries" and stones of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 25 August 2020.


Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 25 August 2020.



Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 25 August 2020.


Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas), a ripe "cherry" and the attractive stone. Frome, 11 October 2021.



Winter buds of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 18 January 2021.


Cornelian Cherry in winter has a distinctively bobbly appearance, with round winter buds.


Winter buds of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 18 January 2021.





Bark of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 31 January 2022.






Opening buds of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 31 January 2022.




Opening buds of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 31 January 2022.




Opening buds of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 31 January 2022.





Blossoms of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 25 March 2021.



Blossoms of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 25 March 2021.


Emerging leaves of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 25 March 2021.




"Cherries" starting to turn red on Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas). Frome, 7 August 2022.




Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea). Swindon, 27 August 2020.



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Friday, August 21, 2020

that the idle day sees idly riding

John Gray, lithograph by Reginald Savage, c. 1896




Here's a portrait I saw at Tate Britain (known to my generation as the Tate Gallery), when Kyli took me to the Aubrey Beardsley exhibition last Tuesday: it was in the room about Beardsley's circle. John Gray (1866 - 1934) was a friend of Beardsley and Wilde. He was from a working-class family in Bethnal Green, left school at thirteen to apprentice as a metal-worker at the Woolwich Arsenal, and self-educated through evening classes.

His first collection was Silverpoint (1893), containing sixteen original poems and thirteen translations from Verlaine, Rimbaud, Mallarmé and Baudelaire.

Here's one of his own poems from the collection:


WINGS IN THE DARK
To Robert Harborough Sherard


Forth into the warm darkness faring wide —
More silent momently the silent quay —
Towards where the ranks of boats rock to the tide,
Muffling their plaintive gurgling jealously.


With gentle nodding of her gracious snout,
One greets her master till he step aboard:
She flaps her wings impatient to get out;
She runs to plunder, straining every cord.


Full-winged and stealthy like a bird of prey,
All tense the muscles of her seemly flanks;
She, the coy creature that the idle day
Sees idly riding in the idle ranks.


Backward and forth, over the chosen ground,
Like a young horse, she drags the heavy trawl
Content; or speeds her rapturous course unbound,
And passing fishers through the darkness call,


Deep greeting, in the jargon of the sea.
Haul upon haul, flounders and soles and dabs,
And phosphorescent animalculae,
Sand, sea drift, weeds, thousands of worthless crabs.


Darkling upon the mud the fishes grope,
Cautious to stir, staring with jewel eyes;
Dogs of the sea, the savage congers mope,
Winding their sulky march meander-wise.


Suddenly all is light and life and flight,
Upon the sandy bottom, agate strewn.
The fishers mumble, waiting till the night
Urge on the clouds, and cover up the moon.


A poem that fortuitously recalls another that I admired recently, by the presumably unrelated Australian poet Robert Gray.

https://michaelpeverett.blogspot.com/2020/05/the-home-paddocks.html

This isn't the most typical John Gray poem. But its evocation of the boat that appears idle to mundanely idle eyes, concealing a  history of stupendously energetic night-time labour in extraordinary worlds, seems profoundly telling about the aspirations of himself and his friends.

Aubrey Beardsley (1872 - 1898), from a higher-status but impoverished family, diagnosed with TB at the age of 7 (his father and grandfather were TB victims too), was perhaps the most remarkable instance of the enormous labours performed by the pallid aesthetic flaneurs, his vast output the work of just six years. 


Aubrey Beardsley, Withered Spring


An early picture by Beardsley, perhaps reflecting on his own TB and its inevitable outcome.


Aubrey Beardsley, self-portrait as art editor of The Yellow Book (1894)



Aubrey Beardsley was a wide-ranging connoisseur of music and literature. He had supposed he would be a poet until his gifts took him in a different direction, and he did bequeath us this delightful poem, written in Dieppe in summer 1895.





THE THREE MUSICIANS


Along the path that skirts the wood,
        The three musicians wend their way,
Pleased with their thoughts, each other’s mood,
        Franz Himmel’s latest roundelay,
The morning’s work, a new-found theme, their breakfast and the summer day.

One’s a soprano, lightly frocked
        In cool, white muslin that just shows
Her brown silk stockings gaily clocked,
        Plump arms and elbows tipped with rose,
And frills of petticoats and things, and outlines as the warm wind blows.

Beside her a slim, gracious boy
        Hastens to mend her tresses’ fall,
And dies her favour to enjoy,
        And dies for réclame and recall
At Paris and St. Petersburg, Vienna and St. James’s Hall.

The third’s a Polish Pianist
        With big engagements everywhere,
A light heart and an iron wrist,
        And shocks and shoals of yellow hair,
And fingers that can trill on sixths and fill beginners with despair.

The three musicians stroll along
        And pluck the ears of ripened corn,
Break into odds and ends of song,
        And mock the woods with Siegfried’s horn,
And fill the air with Gluck, and fill the tweeded tourist’s soul with scorn.

The Polish genius lags behind,
        And, with some poppies in his hand,
Picks out the strings and wood and wind
        Of an imaginary band,
Enchanted that for once his men obey his beat and understand.

The charming cantatrice reclines
        And rests a moment where she sees
Her chateau’s roof that hotly shines
        Amid the dusky summer trees,
And fans herself, half shuts her eyes, and smooths the frock about her knees.

The gracious boy is at her feet,
        And weighs his courage with his chance;
His fears soon melt in noon-day heat.
        The tourist gives a furious glance,
Red as his guide-book grows, moves on, and offers up a prayer for France.




*

[Franz Himmel is either a fictional composer or a very obscure one!]



Aubrey Beardsley, portrait by Jacques-Émile Blanche, at Dieppe in summer 1895






Kyli matching this orange and black room, based on Beardsley's decor of 114 Cambridge St, Pimlico (just near the Tate), the house he bought with his sister Mabel. The choice of orange may have been influenced by the famous panegyric in Huysmans' À rebours.

Kyli and Francesco being artists, they took even longer to get round the exhibition than I did: Beardsley's work is a bounteous source of ideas and techniques.

Of course we all had to wear our muzzles (as Laura calls them). This display of public obedience, like the lumbering right-mindedness of the exhibition commentary, the appropriate warnings around Lysistrata, etc (segregated in a room you could opt not to pass through), all formed a rather ironic contrast with the transgressive intent of the work we had come to see.

By the time we'd finished, the exhaustion of scrutinizing tiny art was compounded by oxygen starvation. We snatched heady breaths of the fresh air of Pimlico and headed euphorically for the nearest pub. 








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Thursday, August 20, 2020

Triton

 En la isla en que detiene su esquife el argonauta
del inmortal Ensueño, donde la eterna pauta
de las eternas liras se escucha: -- Isla de Oro
en que el tritón erige su caracol sonoro
y la sirena blanca va a ver el sol --, un día
se oye un tropel vibrante de fuerza y de harmonia.

Son los Centauros . . .

On the island where docks the skiff of the argonaut,
he of the immortal illusion, where the eternal guiding
of the eternal lyres is heard, -- the Isle of Gold,
on which the Triton raises his sonorous sea-shell,
and the white siren comes out to see the sun --, one day
is heard a thundering troop of force and of harmony.

It is the centaurs . . .



           QUIRON

Callada las bocinas a los tritones gratas,
calladas las strenas de labios escarlatas,
los carrillos de Eolo desinflados, digamos
junto al laurel ilustre de florecidos ramos
la gloria inmarcesible de las Musas hermosas
y el triunfo del terrible misterio de las cosas. . . .


           CHIRON

Stilled the pleasant horns of the tritons,
stilled the strains of the scarlet lips,
the cheeks of Aeolus deflated, let us speak
as one of the illustrious laurel of flowering branches,
the unfading glory of the beautiful Muses
and the triumph of the terrible mystery of things . . .


(from "Coloquio de los centauros" by Rubén Dario, Nicaraguan poet, 1867 - 1916)

[My text had a misprint: juto for junto. I toyed with the possible meaning "Jute" (Germanic colonist of Kent), and the possible meaning "Xuthus" (mythological brother of a different Aeolus), before finally doing the sensible thing and comparing online texts.]

Here's the original 1896 publication, with illustrations!


*

In the days which are now called the good days, although in reality they were very bad ones for a good many people, the greatest discovery of a great century was made, namely, that one could live more cheaply and better on other people's money than on the results of one's own efforts. Many, a great many, people had taken advantage of the discovery, and as no patent law protected it, it was not surprising that Levi should be anxious to profit by it, too, more particularly as he had no money himself and no inclination to work for a family which was not his own. He, therefore, put on his best suit one day and called on his uncle Smith.

"Oh, indeed! You have an idea," said Smith, "Let's hear it! It's a good thing to have ideas!"

"I have been thinking of floating a joint stock company."

"Very good. Aaron will be treasurer, Simon secretary, Isaac cashier, and the other boys book-keepers; it's a good idea! Go on! What sort of a company is it going to be?"

"I'm thinking of a marine insurance society."

"Indeed! So far so good; everybody has to insure his property when he goes on a voyage. But your idea?"

"This is my idea."

"I don't think much of it. We have the big society 'Neptune.' It's a good society. Yours would have to be better if you intend to compete with it. What would be the novelty in your society?"

"Oh! I understand! I should reduce the premiums and all the patrons of the 'Neptune' would come to me."

"That's better! Very well, then, the prospectus which I would print would begin in this way: 'As the crying need of reducing the marine insurance premiums has long been felt, and it is only owing to the want of competition that it has not yet been done, we, the undersigned, beg to invite the public to take up shares in the new society.... What name?"

"Triton."

"Triton? What sort of a chap was he?"

"He was a sea-god."

"All right, Triton. It will make a good poster! You can order it from Ranch in Berlin, and we will reproduce it in my almanac 'Our Country.' Now for the undersigned. First, of course, my name. We must have big, well-sounding names. Give me the official almanac."

Smith turned over the leaves for some time.

"A marine insurance company must have a naval officer of high rank. Let me see! An admiral."

(From August Strindberg (1849 - 1912),  The Red Room, Chapter XII, translation by Ellie Schleussner.)


It's a great chapter, a crash course in setting up a fraudulent company (Dickens readers will recall the Anglo-Bengalee), expressed with the snappy satirical joyousness that The Red Room abounds in. But I'm afraid Strindberg's choice of first names for Levi and his relatives was quite intentional. He was anti-Semitic, most of the time. (Eric Bentley characterizes Strindberg's anti-Semitism as "opportunistic and petty" -- more like Chopin's than Wagner's; but that's not mollifying.)








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Sunday, August 16, 2020

Bayati

Urmia City


[Image source: https://www.ncr-iran.org/en/news/latest-news-in-brief/latest-news-in-brief-july-4-2020/ .]


Gence is further than here,
Its lawns padded with flowers.
    Love’s death is an act of god,
Parting from love is torture.


Burdan uzaq Gəncədir,
Güllər pəncə-pəncədir.
    Ölüm tanrı işidir,
Ayrılıq içkəncədir.




The moon rose but sank in pools,
Your face looks like just a moon.
    My youth days sank one by one,
Without you, my sky has no moon!


Ay doğdu düşdü çaya,
Camalın bənzər aya.
    Cavan ömrüm cürüdü,
Günləri saya-saya.





Gence : Second largest city in the Republic of Azerbaijan (North Azerbaijan).



These are two of the ten bayatis that I published a few days ago on Intercapillary Space:

http://intercapillaryspace.blogspot.com/2020/08/ten-bayatis.html

The English translations are by my friend Yashar Toghay. Yashar is also a hydrological engineer. (One of his long-standing concerns has been the ecological problems of Lake Urmia, in the heart of the Azerbaijani homeland.)

The bayati is a popular short poetic form in Azerbaijani literature, resembling tanka or sijo or the limerick in that it has a social role and is often composed by ordinary people with no pretension to being poets. 

The four lines are structurally two couplets and the rhyme scheme is aaba, both features that resemble the rubāʿī form of classical Persian poetry (used e.g. by Rūmī and in the poems traditionally attributed to Omar Khayyam).  Other analogies might be the Turkish murabba' and the Turkic tuyugh, both quatrain forms. 


Saturday, August 15, 2020

By Mourning

 


Beams of light pierced the thunderheads, stratocumulus. (p. 19)


Strange things that happen when reading Richard Makin's Mourning. I'd already chosen this image, and the book duly coughed up the caption. 

Your life, little girl, is an empty page
that men will want to write on . . .

I sometimes think of that Oscar Hammerstein lyric while I'm reading Richard Makin's prose. I'm conscious of the temptation to decorate these pristine pages with my own apophthegms. This, of course, is one of them.

*

I'm always striving to retain as few books as possible, so the continuing presence on my shelves of the bulky Dwelling (2011) and the somewhat less bulky Mourning (2015) means something. 

I'm now quite resigned to the fact that I will probably never read these books all through, there'll be pages I never open. But the days come, now and then, when they are exactly the books I reach for. 

It happens like this. As ever, I'm in the middle of reading a couple of dozen substantial books (some of them, I've been supposedly reading for five or ten years); one is uppermost (it's currently Victoria Glendinning's Trollope), the others lie beneath it, or back on the shelves, or on Kindle, but I haven't forgotten them, they're still ongoing projects. However, on this day I feel I want a break from Trollope and from all the rest too, I feel a bit bored by them.

Well, some poems perhaps? No, I'm not quite in the mood for short poems either. I want to immerse in a writing that has the space and grandeur, the world, the being-there, the three-dimensionality of a big book. It would suit me to dive into a novel by an author I've never read before. But that would mean, God forbid, adding yet another entry to the long list of books I'm currently supposedly reading. The solution, then, is to dive instead into a book I can't pretend I'll ever read. I'll never get to the bottom of Mourning. I'll visit it. It's a landscape.

I can't remember. We're just below the hospitality hoax at the riverend. By then I was sold: low ebb of gravity hence had already the vision. The things that hatched out of the eggs resembled lizards. 

(Mourning, p. 1)


The opening words. Mid scene: memory is patchy, context is patchy. There's an urgency to it ("We're just below") yet this is qualified by the word "hoax". Riverend ... rivers end at the coast. Is the sea itself the "hospitality hoax", an empty place, a place with nothing to drink? (The way land drifters always end up down at the coast, and then lodge there.)

There's an urgency, yet the action is always misplaced. Something that already happened (like the vision), or seems to have happened but was forgotten, or belongs to a different order of reality (like those eggs).

Further down the first page, the text confides:

It was a sense of grey I desired -- the neutral -- as if all spark of animus had bleached from the world, leaving it fallow, at peace. She pronounced the word to rhyme.

That word "animus" -- evidently used to mean spirit or animation, but evidently also aware of meaning enmity or animosity -- .... That's the kind of artistry that grips me in Makin's books. (To be frank, I struggle to feel excited about most experimental prose. But this is quite a different kettle of fish.)

Flick to the final page, and the confidence is taken up again. 

Grey equals the neutral, counter-spirit -- the ocean in mourning -- chain-mail, the landing-craft, caterpillar tracks in oily sand: an invasion. From beneath the ridge she hurls stones at his sex.
    Set above the tympanum of the temple is a sculpted ornament: bucranium.
    Ejaculation under u.v. light.

(Mourning, p. 254)

The grey, the bleached counter-spirit, remains evidently vivid with animus. That's both a spiritual apprehension about the inseparableness of seemingly opposing principles, and a source of the text's endless deflating comedy, its sarcasms and despairs:

On the second page, Icarus plummets to earth at 9.8 meters per second per second. Later, he asks his partner, Did you see me when I passed the house?

Also on the second page, a biographical note begins: I began my philosophical career under the influence.

And the whole story is overhung with romantic, maritime scenery. 

Unfallow. A sack of salt sea birds. The day's work is never quite over -- wings are plucked by the light of a tilly lamp, well past midnight. 

(Mourning, p. 2)

Perfect for the reader who, this evening, doesn't want to make a start on Conrad or Hugo or Copperfield . . . 

But this reminds me, Richard Makin's texts are noticeably parsimonious with names. It's like a landscape, there's a silence about it. The visitor, like a rambler, can dig deeper, but meaning isn't laid out on a plate. And when I come back from the trip, as I'm doing here, the shells may no longer retain the significance they seemed to have when I stuffed them into my pockets. Here they are anyway:

*

Fylfot. One turned counter-clockwise, probably from a misunderstanding. (p. 14)

Term for a left-facing swastika, commonly used in Anglo-Saxon and medieval art. (But sometimes also used of right-facing swastikas, or more generally to refer to non-Nazi swastikas.)


Ones upon a time there was a statue of  a prince and he had emeralds for eyes and a rubie on his sword   . . . (p. 15)

A variant on Oscar Wilde's story "The Happy Prince" (.... both reverent and malicious?)


Sursum corda, get up off the floor  (p. 17)

From the third-century Anaphora or Eucharistic prayer in the Mass: Lift up your hearts.



I do everything by numbers: there are four ember-days, one in each quarter, hour upon hour of fasting and absinthe -- a circuit, from around. (p. 23)

In the western liturgical calendar, each season has three nearly successive ember days (a Wednesday, Friday and Saturday), set aside for fasting and prayer.


























Friday, August 07, 2020

Cambridge, London, the rack

 

Japanese Anemones


Most urgent of all, there were notes and memoranda scribbled on pieces of coarse office copy paper. They were from himself to himself. ‘Ring Muller abt t buzzards piece,’ they said. ‘Ask Sims abt t libel poss of sayg chem frtlisr klls hdghgs.’ ‘Check w Straker on immac concep VM.’ ‘RING MORLEY FIND OUT WHERE T HELL COPY FOR FRI IS.’
     But how could he ring Morley to find out where the hell his copy for Friday was? Every time he stretched out his hand to pick up the phone it rang in his face.
    ‘Hello,’ he sighed into it. ‘Dyson … Yes … Good … Bless you … Bless you, bless you … Wonderful … Perfect … Bless you.’ 
    And scarcely had he had time to put it down and mutter ‘Silly tit’ before it was ringing again. It was an awfully bad day for Dyson, as he told Bob from time to time, when he had a moment. 
    ‘Somebody wouldn’t like to ring Morley, would they,’ he pleaded, ‘and find out where the hell his copy for Friday is?’ 
    The words broadcast themselves about the empty air, their urgency fading by the inverse square of the distance. . .
    Dyson stood up, trying to get the work on his desk into perspective by gazing down upon it from a great height. Supposing the phone didn’t ring for a minute; whom should he call first? Morley, perhaps – then Sims might be back from court…. No, he’d have to ring Straker, because this was the day Straker had a committee at twelve. But Straker would go on for at least ten minutes about immaculate conception, and he would probably miss Morley. 
    The phone rang again. 
    ‘Oh God,’ he groaned. ‘Hello; Dyson … Ah, I’ve been trying to get hold of you all morning … Yes – I’ve been trying to get hold of you all morning … Exactly – I’ve been trying to get hold of you all morning …’ 
    By the time he put the phone down he couldn’t remember what it was he had been worrying about before. The state of the rack, no doubt; that was what he worried about most of the time. He looked anxiously at the rack of galley proofs behind him. He had only seven ‘The Country Day by Day’ columns in print, and he had sworn never to let the Countries drop below twelve. He had a ‘Meditation’ column for each of the next three days – unless Winters had made a cock-up about immaculate conception, in which case he had only two and a half pieces – but he should have had a running stock of fourteen Meditations. He would have a blitz on Countries; he would have a blitz on Meditations. But then what about the crosswords? He counted them up miserably. God Almighty, he was down to his last eight crosswords! Day by day the presses hounded him; with failing strength he fed them the hard-won pieces of copy which delayed them so briefly. On and on they came! They were catching him up! 
    He sank back into his chair and banged the palms of his hands against his forehead. 

(from Michael Frayn, Towards the End of the Morning (1967))

Michael Frayn's comic novel reflects on his own experience as a Fleet Street journalist, beginning in 1957 for the Guardian and Observer. His pal Nick Tomalin, two years older, was doing similar work at the time, as Claire Tomalin recounts in her memoir A Life of My Own (2017):

Nick decided to leave his parents' home in St John's Wood and find a place of his own -- he was earning a princely £10 a week from the Daily Express. [1955] (p. 115)

[1959] Nick was appointed 'William Hickey', the Express's gossip columnist, which he found uncongenial. I thought he deserved better. (p. 132)

In August [1960], Nick moved to edit the 'Londoner's Diary' on the Evening Standard . . . (p. 135)

He left the Standard and went to edit Town, a magazine owned by Michael Heseltine and Clive Labovitch. It was a glamorous job, making what had been a men's tailoring magazine into a glossy guide to smart London living. [1962]
(p. 140)

Nick had been offered a job on the Sunday Times, writing the 'Atticus' column .... [1963]
(p. 146)

But from 1965 he advanced more permanently into working as a respected foreign journalist. He had briefly been literary editor at the New Statesman, a post later taken up by his wife.



London life for these clever Cambridge alumni came easily in some ways, but not in others. The Tomalins' marriage had many ups and downs, movingly recounted in Claire's memoir. One of their five children had spina bifida and required constant care. There were affairs and separations, none permanent. It ended tragically, when Nick was killed on the Golan Heights by a Syrian missile while reporting on the Arab-Israeli War in October 1973. 

Our three daughters went bravely back to school. Michael Frayn, who loved Nick and was close to me too, carried me off to Hyde Park one morning as the warm days continued. As we sat in the sun, I told him that my greatest fear was for the children, for whatever effect Nick's death would have on them. How could I best help them through this loss? Then he talked to me about losing his own mother when he was twelve -- she died with no warning, and suddenly, of heart failure. He had been very close to her. He was not taken to her funeral and nobody talked about her, after his father's one cry of grief and loss. Reticence of this kind was normal then, seen as a way of protecting children and keeping their spirits up perhaps. He said the world turned grey for him for two years after her death. But he added that he now felt that the loss changed him and made him develop differently, and that he might not have become a writer had she lived. Unprovable of course, but I took comfort from what he said.

(Claire Tomalin, A Life of My Own (2017), pp. 205-206)

(Twenty years after that conversation, the friends married.)


Japanese Anemones


The beautiful, late-flowering and ever-spreading garden plants known as "Japanese Anemones" are actually derived from two species native to China: Anemone hupehensis from central China (leaf ternate), and Anemone vitifolia from W. China and the Himalayas (leaf palmate, 3-5 lobed). They have been cultivated in Japan for hundreds of years. 

The word anemone is classical Latin. It derives from Greek and, according to the OED, means "daughter of the wind" -- anemos (wind) + -one (feminine suffix). My copy of Plant Names Simplified, by A.T. Johnson (1931) revised by H.A. Smith (1947), gives the different derivation anemos + mone: "wind-habitation". (The Anemoi were the wind gods: Boreas, Zephyrus and so on.) 

Pliny claimed that anemones "never open but when the wind is blowing". What plant he may have had in mind is uncertain, as it usually is. But with the revival of learning across Europe the word came to be attached to its current genus (though the very earliest uses in English, by 16th-century botanists, are actually talking about the Pasque Flower, now placed in the related genus Pulsatilla). 

Most anemones (though not the Japanese ones) are spring-flowering, and I think anyone who's seen a bank of wood anemones being almost flattened by the spring breeze will feel that the "wind-flowers" are well named. 

When we were children we couldn't pronounce the word anemone, and our dog-walk through a Kentish wood was full of "wooden enemies". Apparently we were were not alone in this. The OED notes the transposition of nasal consonants as a variant form throughout the word's history.


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Monday, August 03, 2020

counting Fatsia



I took these photos because I've always been impressed by the deep chocolate brown that Fatsia leaves go when they eventually wither. 

Fatsia japonica, commonly grown as an evergreen foliage plant in our gardens, is a native of southern Japan and Taiwan. The name Fatsia derives from the Japanese word for "eight" (fatsi, or hachi in modern romanization), and refers to the number of lobes on the leaf. (The Japanese name is yatsude, meaning "eight fingers".)

Which would indeed be a noteworthy thing. Usually leaves have an odd number of lobes, because they have a single terminal lobe produced by the main vein, which is a prolongation of the leaf-stalk. And in fact Fatsia is no exception in this respect. It has a single terminal lobe and a matching number of lobes on each side. So a large leaf would typically have nine lobes, smaller ones typically have seven, or five.

That said, the withered leaf in my photos does indeed have eight lobes, because the lowermost lobe on one of the sides didn't develop; the ninth vein is there, but it formed no lobe. I suppose this is a common occurrence.

It's a rather similar situation to the starry boreal plant Chickweed Wintergreen (Trientalis europaea, aka Lysimachia borealis), whose traditional name is Siebenstern in German and Sjöstjarna in Icelandic; both names mean "Seven-star" and refer to the number of petals. Actually the flowers have a varying number of petals, from 5 to 9. But when it comes to petals, it's seven that stands out as the unusual number.

It's interesting that in both instances ordinary people who were not botanists noticed the unusual number and named the plant from that, ignoring all the counter-examples.

Our ancestors had no scientific understanding of plant life and no systematic or technical vocabulary. They were mostly illiterate, so left few records, had no uniformity of naming from one village to the next, and credited a riot of absurd and inconsistent legends. It's easy to acquire the false impression that they paid plants little attention. Only stray clues, like the number-names Yatsude and Siebenstern, betray the intimacy of their acquaintance with the plant world.



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Saturday, August 01, 2020

missing

Weymouth beach, 0630, 30 July 2020



On the Djurgården ferry


Interplanetary!
Set the controls for Sirius! 

But first a farewell trip
on the Djurgården ferry,
nibbling its way forward
through the spring ice.
Short journey, low bow-swell,
hardly worth mentioning.

But much will be missing
in the silence of silence.


(Werner Aspenström, translated by me)

Djurgården is Stockholm's leisure island, site of Skansen people's park, the Vasa ship, the Gröna Lund funfair. A short ferry ride from the centre. 



Ode to a helicopter


Malformed laughter
hanging beneath the clouds,
celestial coffee-grinder,
I love you!
Frog of the air, you sing
more sweetly than the nightingale!
Who among us is not
a player of deformity?
Let us investigate the world,
brother Peeping Tom!
I call that a triumph of technology
and a friend in need.


(Werner Aspenström, translated by me)




Weymouth beach, 0630, 30 July 2020




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